Friday, September 28, 2018

Friday Blog: Week Three

This week I read Animal Scam by Kathleen Marquardt, pages 1-132 (note the rest of the book is auhors notes). While I was reading I came across a few words that I was unfamiliar with. 

Vocab:

Unfathomably- (page xii)
Not able to be fathomed, or completely understood; incomprehensible.

Indoctrinated- (page xii)
To instruct in a doctrine, principle, ideology, etc., especially to imbue with a specific partisan or biased belief or point of view.

Paleolithic- (page xii)
Relating to, or characteristic of the cultures of the late Pliocene and the Pleistocene epochs, or early phase of the Stone Age, which appeared first in Africa and are marked by the steady development of stone tools and later antler and bone artifacts, engravings on bone and stone, sculpted figures, and paintings and engravings on the walls of caves and rock-shelters: usually divided into three periods.

Assertions- (page 3)
A positive statement or declaration, often without support or reason.

Bourgeois- (page 5)
A person whose political, economic, and social opinions are believed to be determined mainly by concern for property values and conventional respectability.

Linchpin- (page 6)
Something that holds the various elements of a complicated structure together.

Lucrative- (page 17)
Profitable; moneymaking; remunerative.

Misanthropy- (page 7)
Hatred, dislike, or distrust of humankind.

Nihilism- (page 8)
Anarchy, terrorism, or other revolutionary activity.

Inadvertently- (page 32)
Unintentional.

Vivisection- (page 51)
The practice of subjecting living animals to cutting operations, especially in order to advance physiological and pathological knowledge.

Indispensable-  (page 81)
Absolutely necessary, essential, or requisite.

Idiosyncratic- (page 85)
Pertaining to the nature of idiosyncrasy, or something peculiar to an individual.

The website below contains a lot of information and I have found it very helpful in my search to understand animal welfare. 


Image result for Animal welfare
Source: awionline.org

Wednesday, September 26, 2018

Thursday Blog: Week Three

As of today, I am reading Animal Scam by Kathleen Marquardt, and I am currently on page 75. Even in the introduction, I could already tell that this book was based on facts, but also was very biased. As I continue to read this book I have kept in mind that the book is leaning towards one side and tried to separate facts from opinion. To spite the fact that the book contains a lot of opinions rather than fact, I have still been able to answer one of my essential questions. As I mentioned in my Tuesday blog, I have begun to answer the essential question of, what is the difference between animal rights and animal welfare?

Before reading this book I never knew that there was a large difference between animal rights and animal welfare, I always assumed they meant the same thing. As soon as I began reading it was clear that they were not alike at all and that the tensions between the two sides were actually quite strong. Within the first few pages, Marquardt was already taking shots at big organizations like PETA for not putting humans before animals. The fact that she is willing to criticize PETA shows just how significant the difference between the two sides is. Once I realized that animal rights and animal welfare are in fact very different things, I began looking for answers as to what they both really meant. On page xv of the introduction, I found out what animal welfare stood for, "We want animals to be treated humanely: we abhor cruelty to animals. But in stark contrast to the animal rights organizations, we believe that people should benefit from natures surplus we hold that humans are a part of nature and the food chain, not hostile aliens who must be eradicated"(Marquardt xv). This quote, in particular, showed me what some of the values are of the animal welfare side compared to animal rights. I learned that people who stand for animal welfare support the humane treatment of animals, with that being said animal welfare supporters believe that animals should be used as resources to better the lives of people. This opinion is a somewhat middle ground between not caring about the treatment of animals and believing that animals should have the same rights as a person does.

Source: oie.int

On the other hand, there are animal rights which are far from a middle ground. Marquardt actually proposes that organizations who support animal rights are actually extremists or terrorists. As I previously mentioned this book is very opinionated, therefore not everything the book says about the animal rights movement will be accurate. That being said, there is some truth behind saying that some of the animal rights groups can be very extreme when it comes to the level of rights they think animals should have. In fact, many animal rights groups actually think that it is morally wrong to own a pet of any time and that it resembles owning a slave. Owning a pet is just one of many things that PETA is against. PETAs definition of animal rights is "that animals deserve certain kinds of consideration—consideration of what is in their best interests, regardless of whether they are 'cute,' useful to humans, or an endangered species and regardless of whether any human cares about them at all. It means recognizing that animals are not ours to use—for food, clothing, entertainment, or experimentation."(PETA.org) PETAs idea of animal rights basically means that humans have no superiority over animals and that both should be treated equally.


Source: armoryoftherevolution.wordpress.com


In conclusion, even just from the beginning of this book, I have been able to answer one of my essential questions as to what the difference between animal rights and animal welfare is. I learned that animal welfare is concerned with the humane treatment of animals while using animals to benefit people whereas animal rights are concerned with making sure that animals have equal rights those that people have. 



Image result for rights vs welfare
Source: truthaboutfur.com


                                 Marquardt, Kathleen, et al. AnimalScam: the Beastly Abuse of Human Rights. Regnery Gateway, 1993.



Wednesday Blog: Week Three

As I continue to read Animal Scam by Kathleen Marquardt I have become increasingly curious about Putting People First actually is. After searching nearly every combination of words the only thing that came up was a series of old news papers or magazines. Although these articles did not answer all my questions they did provide some insight. Below I have Included a few pages of the newspaper which I found at this website, but because they are blurry you might want to look at them in the pdf version. 



Tuesday, September 25, 2018

Tuesday Blog: Week Three

This week I have begun reading Animal Scam by Kathleen Marquardt, and I am currently on page  35. In contrast to the book I read first, Monkey Business, this book actually opposes animal rights and promotes animal welfare. Although the names sound very similar, the difference between animal rights and animal welfare are actually very significant. Animal rights are rights believed to belong to animals to live free from use in medical research, hunting, and other services to humans. People who support animal rights believe that humans and animals should be entirely equal. In contrast to animal rights, animal welfare is the protection of the health and well-being of animals. The Author of this book is a mother who is defending people much like herself who believe in animals being treated ethically, but don't think that animals should have as many rights as a person. She deiced to write this book after her child came home from school and called her a "Murderer" after a PETA representative came to her school. Marquardt felt that something needed to be changed so she created Putting People First. She created this to defend humans rights, animal welfare and conservation. So far in my readings the main focus of the book has been exposing some of the things that are corrupt within the animal rights argument and the groups that identify with that idea.


Image result for animal welfare vs animal rights
Soruce: wordpress.com


Quote

"The goal of putting people first is to recognize the unique role of man as the only earthy creature able to care about animal welfare, understand ecology, or foresee the consequences of our actions."(Marquardt xv)


Kathleen Marquardt the founder of Putting People First, was tired of being categorized into two groups, the animal rights group, or the group of people who had no regard for animals well being. That is why she created Putting People First. The group stands for treating animals ethically, but not letting that take away from humans well being. Animal welfare groups like Putting People First support animal testing if it is done ethically and also support hunting and the consumption of meat as long as it is done without cruelty. This quote which describes the goal of Putting People First shows that the main goals are to show compassion, think logically and understand any possible outcomes for their actions. Compassion and logic are essential to understanding the main goals of Putting People First. 

Source: psyche.media


Although from my previous blogs it might appear that I am completely supportive of animal rights, but in fact that is not the case. I do believe in the ethical treatment of animals and I also do not use products on a daily basis that use animal testing. I do believe in using animals to advance medicine as long as it is done humanely. By saying humane experiments I mean experiments that are done on sick animals in hopes to cure their aliments as well as sick humans suffering from similar health problems  I believe in using animals in medicine because I see how it is essential for new medicine to be developed. I have lost two grandparents to cancer and they both were taking medications which were tested on animals. Without testing on animals they might not have had any medications at all to help treat cancer. So similarly to Marquardt I believe in animal welfare, but I do see the necessity to use the resources we have around us. Later in life I plan to study biomedical engineering or biological engineering and both majors have to do with advancing medicine. So, if advancements in medicine have to come from using animals and there is not alternative I will support it as long it is done humanely.
Image result for animal testing cancer research
Source: cancerresearchuk.org

This website has some of the advancements in cancer research and treatment possible through animal testing if you are interested in learning more. If you are interested in reading about techniques to make animal testing more ethical then this website is for you.


Marquardt, Kathleen, et al. AnimalScam: the Beastly Abuse of Human Rights. Regnery Gateway, 1993.

Friday, September 21, 2018

Friday Blog: Week Two

This week I finished the book Monkey Business by Kathy Guillermo. My reading this week was from page 107 to page 240. During my reading I came across a few words which I had previously not heard of before. Below I have given the word and their definitions. 

Vocab

Syndicated (page 159)-
group of individuals or organizations combined or making a joint effort to under take some specific duty or carryout specific transactions or negotiations.

Obstinacy (page 159)-
the quality or state of being obstinate; stubbornness.

Irrespective (page 166)-
without regard to something else, especially something specified; ignoring or discounting .

Stonewalling (page 171)-
the act of stalling, evading, or filibustering, especially to avoid revealing politically embarrassing information.

Scurrilous (page 177)-
grossly or obscenely abusive.

Litigation (page 179)-
to make the subject of a lawsuit; contest at law.

Vivisection (page 182)-
the practice of subjecting living animals to cutting operations, especially in order to advance physiological and pathological knowledge.

Endowment (page 195)-
the property, funds, etc., with which an institution or person is endowed.

Repentance (page 196)-
deep sorrow, compunction, or contrition for a past sin, wrongdoing, or the like.

Memorandum (page 201)-
an informal message, especially one sent between two or more employees of the same company, concerning company business.

Bipartisan (page 205)-
representing, characterized by, or including members from two parties or factions.

Methodically (page 207)-
performed, disposed, or acting in a systematic way; systematic; orderly.

Peripheral (page 215)-
Anatomynear the surface or outside of; external.

Staunchly (page 224)-
firm or steadfast in principle, adherence, loyalty, etc., as a person.

Tentative (page 232)-
of the nature of or made or done as a trial, experiment, or attempt; experimental.
#FlashbackFriday: PETA President Ingrid Newkirk fights for the Silver Spring monkeys to be released from cruel labs!
Source: Scoopnest.com
As this blog will be my last on this book I included this photo of Ingrid Newkirk protesting about the Silver Spring Monkeys to show the large impact this case had at high levels.

Wednesday, September 19, 2018

Thursday Blog: Week Two

With approximately thirty pages left in the book Monkey Business by Kathy Guillermo, I have begun to look into my essential questions and how the book can provide insight into my posed questions. In particular, this book has helped me begin to answer the questions, what are animal rights and is the Animal Welfare Act enough. Because this book is largely about the legal proceedings associated with the Silver Spring Monkeys' case, I have gained preliminary knowledge about the two subjects.

Before I started reading this book I had little knowledge about what animal rights really were, hence why it is one of my essential questions. I had heard of it before but was very interested in learning more which is one reason why I selected nonfiction books which tend to be more informational. I chose to read Monkey Business first because it is extremely significant and from reading the description of the book I learned that this case was actually what started the fight for animal rights. In my reading this week I came across a passage which made me start to really understand what it means for animals to have rights. "[Genn] likened the monkeys to battered children, who, because they cannot protect themselves in court, are represented by 'next friends' - guardians who can bring legal actions on behalf of abused children. If the suit were successful, it would mean that animal protection organizations could have the right to serve as next friends to animals used in laboratories. It would also show that the court recognized there animals have the legal right to exist as something other than experimental tools" (Guillermo 118). If a child was abused but was unable to defend themselves they would have a guardian represent them, but animals are abused and mistreated, yet at the time there was no one to represent them. I feel that the comparison of exploited animals to abused young children was what made me begin to understand the importance of animal rights and what they stand for. The comparison to abused children is very effective in showing the importance of animals getting rights and also is effective in persuading people to support animal rights by using pathos or appealing to their emotions. From this, in particular, I learned that animal rights help to guarantee that animals can live as something other than test subjects and that animals have rights that deserve to be protected by the law. 


Source: allaboutsana.com

In respect to the Animal Welfare Act, I had never heard of it before. I believe this in part because it is somewhat unsuccessful in actually ensuring that regulations and standards are satisfied. The Animal Welfare Act was first mentioned in last week's reading section and that was where I was introduced to it. The initial act was passed in 1966 and was said to be "inadequate"(81). Even with the act in place people often violated it much like the Institute for Behavioral Research did. It was said that "No one needs a Ph.D. or any other credentials to recognize blatant violations of the Animal Welfare Act" (81). This shows that almost anyone could have seen the problem with IBR and that the Animal Welfare Act isn't enough. The book also mentioned how, "It was designed to give some protection to animals used in laboratories, but it mandated minimal standards"(82). The fact that the act only required minimal standards to be met lead me to believe that the Animal Welfare Act was not enough. That all being said since this case took place many things have been added and changed about the Animal Welfare Act making it more successful. I have not done much research on the current standards of the act, but I assume that it is more in depth and provides stricter regulations and laws. 


Source: faunalytics.org

If you are interested in learning more about the Animal Welfare Act today, I 

found this website to be very informative, or if you are more fascinated by the statistics behind the facts this website is for you.


Citation for the book Monkey Business:
Guillermo, Kathy Snow. Monkey Business. National Press Books, 1993.

Tuesday, September 18, 2018

Wednesday Blog: Week Two

Through my reading of Monkey Business by Kathy Guillermo, I have learned not only a lot about the animal rights movement, but I have also learned a lot about People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA). Before reading this book I had only heard of PETA, but I had never actually researched how it was founded. In fact, the case of the Silver Spring Monkeys was the case that made PETA gain support and momentum in the fight to end animal suffering. To further my understanding of PETA's role in the fight to remove the macaque monkeys from the Institute for Behavioral Research, I found one video which I found to be very enlightening and I also attached a link which is just as informational.





Monday, September 17, 2018

Tuesday Blog: Week Two

This week I am continuing to read Monkey Business by Kathy Guillermo. Last week I had read up to page 106 and as of today, I am on page 163. As I mentioned in my Quater One Plan Blog, I have chosen books on the topic of animal rights and animal cruelty. Monkey Business, in particular, has to do with the main case that launched the animal rights movement, the Silver Spring monkeys. The case is about the macaque monkeys that were used in experiments such as Deafferentation, or the elimination or interruption of sensory nerve impulses by destroying or injuring the sensory nerve fibers, inside the extremely unsanitary and cruel Institute for Behavioral Research, in Silver Spring Maryland. As the book has progressed I have been introduced to many people who were involved with not only the case itself but also people who have contributed to the movement towards animal rights. Of the people, I have been introduced to throughout my readings some of the people who have stood out to me are Alex Placheo, Ingrid Newkirk, Lori Lehner, and finally Neal Barnard whom my quote happens to be about. Barnard was a graduate of George Washington University Medical School in the District of Colombia. Because he was a medical student there were many things that required either medical testing or dissection and he often would opt out of such things. Barnard would later practice at St. Vincent's Hospital in New York before he returned to George Washington University to work. Around the same time he started working at George Washington University, he founded the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine. Barnard first heard about the case when he saw anti-fur protestors and decided to help. The demonstration was when he met Ingrid Newkirk, the founder of People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), and subsequently learned about the Silver Spring Monkey case.


Image result for silver spring monkey
Silver Spring Monkeys
Source: peta.org

Quote

"[Bardard] couldn't escape his feeling that something could be done, that he could do something about the incredible suffering of animals in research laboratories" (Guillermo 154)

Neal Barnard, as I began to explain in my previous paragraph is a man who is in the medical field but often found his younger self-questioning the standard treatment of animals in laboratories. When he was still a student he would not partake in some cruel experiments that had to do with animals. One experiment in particular that he sat out of was a lab on stray dogs that included drugging them and eventually, the dogs would die. Although this bothered him from the beginning he came to realize that any suffering he induced on animals such as mice and birds, was just as bad as causing a dog or a cat to suffer. His realization that all animal suffering is unjust and cruel he realized that there had to be something that he could do to make a difference. In efforts to make a difference in the suffering animals endured, he created the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine.

PCRM Launches Vegan Nutrition App for Medical Professionals
Neal Barnard (Center)
Source: livekindly.co 

I chose this quote because much like Barnard I also feel that I have the ability to make a difference when it comes to the treatment of animals, and animal rights. Although it is difficult for me to have as large of an impact as he did, I still try to have a positive influence in the movement to improve the lives of animals in testing facilities around the world. My dedication to making a difference is mostly shown through my use of products and my clothing choices. Most if not all of my clothes are vegan, and all the products that I use on a daily basis, such as soaps, lotions, and makeup, are also vegan. Even though I have not started a committee dedicated to ethical medical practices in laboratories, my dedication to only buying vegan products is a step towards achieving rights for animals in the laboratories.  
Three logos you can find on product packaging that verifies that the product is both cruelty-free and vegan
Source: ethicalelephant.com

Here are some of the vegan brands I use to do my part in fighting animal cruelty in laboratories:

If you are interested in finding out what companies are cruelty-free and vegan you here are a few resources for you.


Citation for the book Monkey Business 
Guillermo, Kathy Snow. Monkey Business. National Press Books, 1993.



Thursday, September 13, 2018

Friday Blog: Week One

I have begun reading Monkey Bisuness By Kathy Guillermo, this book highlights some of the abuse that took place at The Institute of Behavioral Research. I have read pages 1- 106 and have discovered a few words that I am unfamiliar with.

Vocab:


Surreptitious (Page 21) -  Obtained, done, made, etc., by stealth; secret or unauthorized.

Somatosensory (Page 25) - Of or relating to sensations that involve parts of the body not associated with the primary sense organs.

Vestiges (Page 35) - A mark, trace, or visible evidence of something that is no longer present or in existence.

Callousness (Page 46) - Insensitive; indifferent; unsympathetic.

Affidavits (Page 57) - A written declaration upon oath made before an authorized official.

Aberration (Page 77) - The act of departing from the right, normal, or usual course.

Parcelled (Page 86) - An object, article, container, or quantity of something wrapped or packed up; small package; bundle.

Duplicitous (Page 95) - Marked or characterized by duplicity.

Clandestine (Page 95) - Characterized by, done in, or executed with secrecy or concealment, especially for purposes of subversion or deception.

Primatology (Page 96) - The branch of zoology dealing with the primates.


(All definitions are taken from Dictionary.com)

Wednesday, September 12, 2018

Quarter One Plan

Topic Selection

The topic I have chosen to focus on in all of my readings this quarter is animal rights and the mistreatment of animals. Growing up I always wanted to be a veterinarian because of my fondness for animals. Although my passions have changed my love for animals has been unwavering throughout the years. Animal cruelty and animal rights are a few things that I feel compelled to learn more about. Mainly I am interested in finding out about more of the things that actually take place behind closed doors. 

Essential Questions

  • What are animal rights?
  • What rights should an animal have?
  • What is the difference between animal rights and animal welfare?
  • Is the animal welfare act enough?
  • Are there any alternatives to animal testing?

Books for Quarter One

  • Monkey Business by Kathy Snow Guillermo (254 pages)
Source: Goodreads.com


Reading Timeline:

September 10-16: Monkey Business (1-106)
September 17-22: Monkey Buisness (107-240)
September 23-29: Animal Scam by Kathleen Marquardt (1-100)
September 30- October 6: Animal Scam by Kathleen Marquardt(100-221)
October 7-13: Rattling the Cage by Steven M. Wise  (1-130)
October 14-20: Rattling the Cage by Steven M. Wise  (130-250)
October 21-27: Rattling the Cage by Steven M. Wise (250-384)
October 28- November 2: Animal Rights: Opposing Viewpoints by Janelle Rohr (1-253)